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[lastpost] => 2344055 【天策2020双旦嘉年华】，万元大金矿，联合【众鑫娱乐】寻找挖金手（开奖帖） 1610638563 女人爱足球
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[float=left][size=28px][b]2[/b][/size][/float]) g/ O5 ~2 B h4 O! Y
003年英国彩票大奖得主卡莉•罗杰斯(Callie Rogers)把300万美元奖金挥霍在疯狂购物、吸食可卡因、交朋结友以及隆胸手术上。两年前，她告诉记者，她在从事女仆的工作。1988年宾夕法尼亚州彩票大奖得主威廉姆•巴德•珀斯特(William "Bud" Post)把超过1600万美元奖金花在豪宅和汽车以及糟糕的生意上，后来珀斯特宣布破产，在向一位要债人开枪后又身陷囹圄，最终于2006年在潦倒中死去。3 P3 j ~9 j3 u' U/ \
( o3 s' o7 s/ U: q这样的结局少见吗？一项对佛罗里达州彩票大奖得主进行的最新调查显示，答案是否定的。
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肯塔基大学(University of Kentucky)、匹兹堡大学(University of Pittsburgh)和范德比尔特大学(Vanderbilt University)的经济学家想要回答这样一个公共政策问题：当陷入财务困境的个人获得一大笔钱后会发生什么情况？因此，他们搜集了从1993年到2002年期间佛罗里达州幻想5彩票的近3万5千名中奖者（最高中奖额为15万美元）的资料，然后将这些资讯与该州的破产记录相互比照。0 m6 H& M1 Z* i! }
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去年秋天发表在《经济学与统计学评论》上的这项研究结果显示，大笔的彩票奖金几乎不能降低破产的可能性。.7 V5 ]" \7 ]3 O& p
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超过1,900名中奖者在五年内破产。这个资料意味着佛罗里达州彩票玩家（无论输赢）在任一年份内破产的概率为1%，大约为同一研究期内更广泛人群破产概率的两倍。6 `5 c/ h' H' _
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研究人员将那些中奖额在5万至15万美元之间的中奖者定义为彩票大奖得主，他们在中奖两年内破产的概率是小奖得主的一半，但在此后的3到5年内破产的概率几乎一样。研究发起人得出结论，这个结果表明，获得5万至15万美元奖金只能推迟人们破产的时间。+ v7 D$ K6 L' n0 T$ q6 Y6 ?
- [. m6 f1 }- E1 S* Z) m7 m最令人震惊的一点也许是，在这些调查样本中，大奖得主通常都获得了6万5千美元奖金，而他们当中经济最困难的人也不过背负了4万9千美元的无担保债务。换言之，大部分获奖者所得的现金足够偿还所有的债务。
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k; S7 O* B! ?5 Y& I. s研究人员提出了一些理论，用于解释为什么有这么多中奖者破产。以前的调查曾显示，彩票玩家的收入和受教育程度均低于平均水准；因此，可以毫不突兀地假设他们的理财能力往往有限（即使与那些财商严重匮乏的普遍人群相比）。另外，中奖者的头脑中可能还会存在一种被行为经济学家称为心理帐户的现象，对中奖得来的钱抱着随意态度，不像对辛苦挣来的薪金收入那么谨慎。当然，研究人员写道，中奖者有可能只是染上了能使钱财耗尽的奢侈品瘾。
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* x" C4 \+ d; x9 K0 }2 J0 o+ p还有一种比较愤世嫉俗的解释。佛罗里达州的破产法允许无限制的宅地豁免。这就意味着深陷信用卡债务的彩票中奖者会在这个漏洞的诱使下将奖金投到自住的房屋上。如果他们在这之后申请破产，债主就不能动这些钱。 |
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