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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。' m$ c q& U" V" j4 y0 Z& ?
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路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025) [$ L* ?- G1 d. v& n( H
这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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' Q8 \- L) ]# I. W2 f+ T$ P9 ]重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。( |/ L+ `! H% E+ V3 `- o4 V) a
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这为什么重要？
* Z! K i. l( k8 y现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。
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/ L" ?3 }9 Y. b% c6 T% D2 l1 M5 A+ B零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。 B Y+ }+ r/ j0 U* h
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更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。0 O0 c2 P! ]; w% I/ h, C
4 U( V; A, F) P* C5 f% }如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。; g, j; l5 V+ _! G* I- `& C
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安全、架构和全局
, Q) y' w5 ]$ A* Y* g- I% ]/ E, q根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。! f5 c: w. D8 \' D* ?: ^7 l; J
( {9 `: i( h. j# z声明内容如下：; [' Y5 _' z4 h) @3 d' W
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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& r; h x% H2 Q$ F9 f( e除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。
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6 e- \. I4 |/ r' O4 \+ y% n7 d最后想说的话
4 o* v7 F. H. j" `# s4 k0 }EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。1 h! J4 ~, q8 C7 J( V" b
以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。
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这波升级要是成了，矿工节点怕是要卷出新高度啊，坐等看谁先吃上螃蟹。 |
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% P2 m9 T R/ P$ f' }2 a可能也就是个完善吧，真的那么重要吗 |
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确实，技术升级能让验证更高效，但节点选择升级的节奏还是得看自身情况， |
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这升级看着挺牛，以后验证快多了，节点压力小了，这种普通用户也能更安心冲了 |
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