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[虚拟币交流]
SEC主席仍坚持：绝大部分的加密货币实际上是证券（转载）
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美国证券交易委员会(SEC)主席Gary Gensler在近两个月历经两大加密领域诉讼–瑞波
' c5 r2 T9 O7 F1 D(Ripple)和灰度(Grayscale)的重大败诉挫折后，仍坚定地认为他所领导的SEC应是加密货币产业的主管机关，并计8 `% y9 Q! N( y
划在美东时间12日再次于国会听证会上传达他一贯的观点。
* _5 h/ J2 S7 W/ S% a! p8 [' _! U据《Cointelegraph》引用提前获得消息报导，Gary Gensler在即将召开的参议院银行委员会听证会中所准备的. L# y b* G u
书面证词中重申：「绝大部分的加密资产实际上是证券，应由SEC主责监管」。他在证词中写道：「鉴于加密产业 Z: a& o$ Q6 R' X3 |5 ^
广泛存在不遵守证券法的情况，我们在这些市场中看到许多问题也就不足为奇了。我们以前看过这个故事，这让
% v$ v2 {: o( m/ m人想起20年代联邦证券法实施之前的情况。加密资产证券市场没有任何迹象表明，投资者和发行人不值得受到联' |7 S' d; ? C9 ~
邦证券法的保护。」) q; i& w. v, M1 b
SEC主席：绝大多数加密代币可能皆符合豪威测试7 U$ l3 x. d$ P# e/ }* r
自认为是加密货币监管主宰者的Gensler将再度向国会传达他一致的立场，认为不需要修改美国联邦证券法来适应+ t3 M( W! i {+ i' ?
加密货币，断言「几乎所有加密资产都符合豪威测试(Howey Test)」，这是一项决定特定资产或交易是否构成证
& w/ D( L" ?7 w4 n U券发行的定性标准。
, G; g# [. D; m: t& L“国会在证券的定义中列出了一长串30多个项目，其中包括「投资合约」一词。正如我之前所说，在不预先判断7 C( C4 h! v6 V7 p/ J
任何一种代币的情况下，绝大多数加密代币可能都符合投资合约测试。鉴于大多数加密代币都受到证券法的约) ?6 a7 V. o* t2 X% B; e2 J* F
束，因此大多数加密中介机构也必须遵守证券法。”5 ]! i6 f R* Z* ]( x; L
瑞波案吃鳖，SEC不服法官裁决提「中间上诉」
. y E8 J% |) m6 j! u: P值得一提的是，SEC七月在加密货币领域面临首次重大败诉，法官Analisa Torres在简易判决中做出了部分有利于
8 ]- R( I8 s+ C# |( F% E' m( T瑞波公司的裁决，认定交易所向散户贩售XRP并不构成投资合约、不属于证券，这被广泛视为加密货币产业的胜
+ c5 D. p! L4 @" F' N: b7 M利。6 }; o$ C& n r
尽管SEC律师此前直指Ripple关于交易所的散户销售部分判决有误，Torres法官的裁决对豪威测试「增加了毫无根
+ B _( z9 f; B( r- d( S( t7 ?5 Y据的主观标准」，并正式在8月就瑞波案的裁决向法官提出「中间上诉」的要求，Torres法官随后在8月18日批准3 H; ?9 ~7 M3 e
了SEC针对瑞波案提交中间上诉的请求。! l' `$ e. N8 a! X) B" Q
瑞波公司已在本月初向法院提出动议，要求法官驳回SEC中间上诉的请求，称不存在中间上诉所需的特殊情况，并
: Q# K8 ]. v- C5 w6 ]酸SEC提出中间上诉仅仅是对法官将XRP向散户的销售判定为不符合证券定义而感到不满。
" l" S! T$ J6 B* H0 m目前SEC仍未正式赢得中间上诉的动议，此前有法律专家对此看衰称「通常中间上诉仅特殊情况才会允许」，另外+ W* {1 L8 U3 G+ {+ a3 K% m
法官也计划于2024年Q2进行Ripple案的陪审团审判。8 b( C; I4 c2 h
4 m- U+ e2 l ^) O( ?+ ?
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