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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。3 H7 o1 e* Q7 \$ u# b3 C* Q5 D( b
9 r) o2 g8 j; P8 [6 ~路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
; Y; U! u8 y+ t% K% I这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。/ U( `% m2 Q' ]) K" G. ~9 N1 g
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。! N+ v8 u- P/ V2 }0 l, H
3 U' L \5 \. D* M3 `3 f重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。
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' _0 ~3 E* G1 S) ^5 T这为什么重要？
+ R! H1 o: q& w5 A! W* g现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。9 R$ j$ Y/ z) L9 n3 S
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。2 k8 h& l0 Y8 l+ w
( @) Y- }2 O1 g& l' l; q更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。
& ]! Q1 Q6 e0 }: J% a9 r `; Y0 U+ Z4 ] X/ j% e, B
如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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; n6 Z" n" T, \* j: D! M x安全、架构和全局+ F+ l" T4 d, A$ {8 G
根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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声明内容如下：; w. e7 M) B" e- H7 { Z* @/ l
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。+ @3 h: I7 [: E! z+ [ m3 ~
- C. D' C* [& u1 V0 b4 {: E除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。) S0 q" B3 r2 x1 n$ n/ z j
7 Z4 o% p/ I) n' d. {; ~$ h3 a; B6 F
最后想说的话
, H- C; B3 j3 J/ N! rEIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。! ?! b% Q8 ~0 S) \# D2 `6 \* f+ \
以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。- W8 p, j9 L' a2 w4 S/ V6 R
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`. \* H, X+ r* s; r+ d) L这都是什么事？非常专业的我不懂啊 |
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这技术看着是挺厉害，但真落地了，小玩家能省不少事吧 |
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这玩意儿看着挺玄乎，不过对普通矿工来说，感觉就是验证变快了呗，省事不少 |
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这升级要是真能让验证变快，对节点运营者来说可是省心不少 |
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